The printed circuit board (PCB) is the heart of all electronics, a complex circuit composed of copper traces on a board of FR4, CEM-3, Aluminum or other laminate materials. By soldering electronic components on this circuit board, the preset current is controlled, so that the electronic equipment works in the designed way. PCBs are often classified into various categories based on manufacturing specifications, frequency, application, number of layers, and substrate material.
Common PCB Types And Advantages：
Single-sided PCB
Single-layer printed circuit boards are the easiest and cheapest circuit boards to design and manufacture. This type of circuit board has only a base substrate (fiberglass) covered with a thin layer of conductive metal (copper). Typically JHDPCBs are also covered with a protective solder mask that is applied on top of the copper layer along with the silkscreen coating. Since these boards have only one conductive layer, the conductive paths cannot intersect or overlap. Often used in low-density simple PCBs. Such as calculators, power sensors, power supplies, relays, LED lighting panels, FM radios, electronic toys, etc.
Advantages of single-sided PCB:
Low cost, easy to mass manufacture, suitable for low density design, easy to repair, easy to design.
Double-sided PCB
Unlike single-sided PCBs, double-sided PCBs have metal conductive layers on the top and bottom of the board. Double-sided PCBs have two mounting methods to connect circuits on both sides, namely through-hole technology and surface mount technology. Through-hole technology involves mounting leaded components into pre-drilled holes on the board, which are then soldered to pads on opposite sides. Surface mount technology requires precise placement of electronic components on the surface of the board, which allows the circuit to be completed using less space, freeing up space to allow the board to do more, often faster and lighter than what a through-hole board would allow .
Advantages of double-sided PCB:
Reduced size, relatively low cost, increased circuit density, made circuits compact, more flexible, and suitable for advanced electronic systems.
Multilayer PCB
A multilayer PCB is a printed circuit board with three or more electrical layers. Different layers of substrate and insulating material separate the layers in a multilayer PCB. All active and passive electronic components are assembled on the top and bottom layers. All internal stack layers are used for routing. All layers must be bonded and laminated together under high pressure and high temperature to ensure that there are no air gaps and the final PCB assembly is properly stable. All layers are interconnected through copper plated vias.
Advantages of multilayer PCBs:
Small size, more circuits in less space, high level of design flexibility, suitable for high-speed circuits.
Flexible PCB
Flexible PCBs are built on flexible substrates. The substrate of a flexible PCB is usually made of insulating polymer film, polyamide, PEEK (polyetheretherketone) or transparent conductive polyester film. Conductive copper circuits are printed on this substrate and coated with a thin polymer protective coating to protect the circuits. Like rigid PCBs, flexible PCBs come in single-layer, double-layer or multi-layer forms. Flexible printed circuit boards are more expensive to manufacture because they need to be printed on flexible materials. The main difference is that the board is designed to be bent into the desired form throughout the application, and the flexible materials and shapes facilitate easy handling and application in complex environments without causing any damage. (Of course, it is necessary to use corresponding high-quality materials for different special environments)
Advantages of flexible PCB:
Save space, reduce overall weight, eliminate connectors, thermal management, improve reliability and repeatability, provide uniform electrical characteristics for high-speed circuits, suitable for applications requiring high signal trace density.
HIGH TG PCB
For printed circuit boards that are exposed to high thermal loads for a long period of time, the necessary long-term operating temperature must be determined as early as possible in order to select suitable materials.
What is High TG PCB?
In addition to basic FR-4 materials in PCB production, some projects need to use high TG materials, so what are high TG materials? High Tg is another name for a high-temperature PCB, meaning printed circuit boards designed to stand up to high-temperature extremes. A circuit board is defined as high Tg if its glass transition temperature (Tg) is higher than 170 degrees Celsius. The full name of TG used in PCB fabrication is glasstransitiontemperature, which stands for glass transition temperature. The Glass Transition Temperature (Tg) is one of the most important properties of any epoxy and is the temperature region where the polymer transitions from hard, glassy material to a soft, rubbery material. The circuit board must be flame-resistant, it cannot burn at a certain temperature, it can only soften. The temperature point at this time is called the glass transition temperature (Tg point), and this value is related to the dimensional stability of the PCB board. The higher the TG value, the better the temperature resistance of the PCB. When the temperature rises to a certain area with a high TgPCB, the substrate will change from a “glass state” to a “rubber state”, which is called the glass transition of the sheet (Tg). temperature.
High TG PCB Features and Benefits.
Features of High Tg PCBs
With the rapid development of the electronics industry, high Tg pcbs are widely used in computers, communication equipment, precision instruments and other fields. With the development of high functionality and high multi-layer, PCB substrate materials require higher heat resistance. In general, high Tg materials have the following characteristics:
- High temperature resistance.
- Long-term delamination durability.
- Low thermal expansion.
- Excellent PTH reliability.
- High thermal stress value.
- Prolong aging.
- Dimensional stability.
- Good mechanical properties.
JHDPCB serves customers from different industries by providing high Tg PCBs with heat resistance that meet the demands of customer’s specifications in quick lead time.
